Anna M. Kerttulas Antler on the Sea Essay Example for Free

Anna M. Kerttulas Antler on the Sea Essay In her book, Antler on the Sea, Kerttula discusses how Soviet government policies aimed to integrate the northern peoples of the USSR in reality helped the groups to maintain their identities as they defined themselves in opposition to one another. According to Kerttula, in Sireniki, the very system that sought to control and homogenize difference reinforced it (155). Kerttula illustrates the extent to which much of the native culture has survived the Soviet period. This trend is particularly prevalent as Kerttula progresses through her descriptions of Yupik, Chukchi, and Newcomer lifestyle and practices. The development of collective group identity and cultural transformation among northern indigenous peoples in the Soviet Union was heavily influenced not only by the structure of the Soviet system but also by the provoking of oppositional relationships between the groups. Kerttula effortlessly explains the interrelationships of the many opposing forces: tundra and sea, Yupik and Chukchi, natives and newcomers, and old and new ways in the North. These relationships were based on prior cultural forms, symbols and meanings but as a result of Soviet influence, local cultural boundaries were transformed and the ensuing dialogue of difference was encouraged. As Kerttula asserts, it is the we/they dichotomy that for many anthropologists defines an ethnic group (152). The Soviet state, with its ideological, political and economic goals, changed the structure of the interactions between local and immigrant groups, but was unable to change the cultural content of their discourse. According to Kerttula, historically the Yupik, Chukchi and Russians had very limited contact with one another. Prior to forced relocations and settlements that occurred with collectivization, the Yupik lived at Sireniki and met with the Chukchi occasionally for the limited purpose of trade (123). After collectivization the three groups were forced to live in a single locality and thus new dynamics and an increased frequency of interaction changed the ways that the Yupik, Chukchi, and Russians (Newcomers) worked together. As Kerttula points out, the cultural definitions and descriptors of the three groups were not always in agreement; quite often they clashed. For example, Kerttula generalizes on the Newcomers feelings of superiority to the Yupik  and Chukchi. Accordingly, this attitude of superiority was intensified by the physical separation of the three groups, both at their place of work and in their free time (152). It was the Newcomers familiarity with the Russian social structure that in fact led to this so-called superiority (152). Similarly, the Yupik and Chukchi view one another as, for instance, receiving favoritism in their language instructions at the local school. Parents are cited as believing the other group to be receiving better instruction: The Chukchi complained that there were more Yupik lessons than Chukotkan, and Yupik parents complained that the quality of the Yupik lessons were substandard (154). Unlike the Nivkhi described by Grant, the Yupik and Chukchi do not express a feeling of culturelessness. As both groups have been able to maintain dominant aspects of their traditional lifestyle, the sense of loss seemed to be felt to a lesser degree (although they did lose language and the freedom to hunt whales). The Yupik could remain defined primarily by their affinity for and connections to the sea while the Chukchi could remain defined primarily by their affinity for and connections to the tundra. Modernity within the community of Sireniki was integrated in a way that was advantageous for the people. As Kerttula points out however, instead of questioning the governments socialist tactics, most looked more locally to the others in the community (151, 153). These collective identities enabled the Yupik, Chukchi, and Newcomers to accept Soviet designated social and economic conditions by infusing these conditions with their own cultural knowledge, making them meaningful and reproducible. Kerttula captures the disharmony tolerated by indigenous people in the Soviet period as they retained their own beliefs and customs while adapting to altered environments and economic change. As Kerttula reiterates many times, modernity has brought many unexpected and unwelcome changes. Most importantly, the state has used the discourse of modernity to once again portray indigenous peoples in a way that suits their needs as an administrative body. Instead of looking to the heavy restrictions enforced by the Soviet system, the people of Sireniki focused their discourse on each other and looked to each other as being a source of some of their problems (155). Toward the end of her book, Kerttula points out a fundamental problem in the collective group definitions: if the groups defined their identities in opposition to one another, what happens to those who married cross-culturally? In her discussion of possible division within the community into different associations, this problem came to the forefront. As one of Kerttulas informants asks, to which association would the child of both Yupik and Chukchi parents belong? (152). Theoretically the three groups existed separate from the other two. In reality though, intermarriage and the creation of friendships were relatively common inter-ethnically. The individual cultures were not only subjective, but also laden with political and social questions of identity and personhood (151). What makes the case at Sireniki unique is that three distinct cultural groups were essentially forced to live together in relative peace while each simultaneously sought to prolong and promote their own traditional practices and beliefs. Kerttulas investigation and analysis is of how collective identities were facilitated among the two indigenous groups and one immigrant group in order to maintain their cultures in the face of rapidly changing social and material circumstances (153).

Appleton Police Department Essay example -- essays research papers

Appleton Police Department   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Appleton is in the heart of the Fox Cities in east central Wisconsin. The population is about 70,00 and is the 6 largest city in Wisconsin and the metropolitan area is more then 155,000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of the police department is in 1854 they only had a single lawman which was a marshal they didn’t have a jail so they shared one with a neighboring town. In 186 the city counsel voted in January to start a permanent police department, so it started out as 1 policeman and as the town grew some patrol men were added to the force. In 1884 they had 3 patrolmen besides the marshal and by 1886 as needed they got 3 more policemen. The marshal and on other guy had the day shift while the others had the night shift. In 1890 they decide to pay the policemen $2.00 per night. By the turn of the centry they finally got a patrol wagon and got paid $55.00 a month. As years went by the department grew as the cities grew.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The mission for the Appleton Police Department is it is a community responsive organization that strives to bring its employees and citizens into working partnership to help identify and solve the communities problems. They try providing their employees with positive, supportive and professional environment that encourages innovative problem solving to enhance the quality of life in our communities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Commitments They have a few commitments to professionalism, community, to progress and to its employees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Their professional commitment is as they are professional police officers they all adhere to the ethical standards of their profession and to place their concerns for the welfare of their community and the citizens of the town above their own personal concerns while doing their police services. They all go by the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The community commitment is maintaining the high quality of life that exists in the community.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The commitment to progress, exist in the changing environment. They seek opportunities for changes leading to improved police services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The commitment to employees is they a... ...p;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Runaways   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Apppleton police department started a runaway program on June 1, 1997. They deal with 600 cases each year. The officers are trained to talk to the kids and their parents about why they run away and how they can help, pretty much they try to prevent them from running away by talking to both sources the parent and the kid.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   General   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are 108 sworn officers on the Appleton police department. They get paid $34,299 per year and the incremental increases at 6 months. The 1,2,3,4 and 5 years brings the top patrol officers pay to $41,963 per year (with a bachelors degree). They get paid at time and a half for any overtime hours they put in. 100% of an officers premium for medical and dental insurance are paid by the city. The more years they put in the more they get days off. After 1 year on the job they get 1 week, 2 years 2 weeks off, 8 years 3 weeks off, 412 years 4 weeks and 20 years 5 weeks off. They are allowed 12 days off for sick leave and 1 day is earned after a full month of service without calling in sick.

Morfosintaxis

The absence of l. It is and it cannot be confused with the finite I O for all persons in the present except for 3rd peers. Sing. The distinction of the bare infinitive in English main clauses is as follows: the verb immediately after a modal whether the verb is an auxiliary or a lexical verb, will always show absence of l. She might pass the test similarly, the verb after dummy do will also always show absence of l.They do like white coffee Simple(x) sentence : the sentence that consist of Just one clause, which means that there is only one lexical or main verb (V), though V can of course be preceded by Auxiliaries. Simple sentence is thus synonymous with 1 main clause. The Department rejected the proposal Complex sentence: the sentence that consist of 1 main clause, plus 1 or more subordinate clauses. A complex sentence contains therefore several lexical or main verbs (V), one for each clause that actually occurs, and in turn each of these verbs can aka its own Auxiliaries.One of th ese verbs (V) will be the main verb of the overall structure, and the other verbs (V) will be subordinated to the former. They all liked the way he behaved The first verbal form of a main clause (whether it is V or Qua is obligatorily a finite verb. By contrast, the verbal form of a subordinate clause can be finite or non-finite. Four basic types of simple(x) sentences: declarative sentences negative affirmative interrogative sentences exclamation sentences imperative sentences (typically) affirmative.

The Winding Stair And Other Poems - 1791 Words

As Professor Pethica points out, the volume The Winding Stair and Other Poems is extraordinary because â€Å"its textual history is particularly elaborate, even by Yeats’s standards.† Although I would love to explore the relationship between different editions, as we did when we talked about different editions of Wilde Swans at Coole,† the task is too huge to be tackled sufficiently in this paper. In order to preclude any ambiguity, I would like to clarify that whenever I use the title The Winding Stair and Other Poems in this paper, unless otherwise specified, I am referring to the last edition published in 1933. Since the early stage of Yeats’s career, the poet has been concerned with mortality. The poet seems to suggest that art is the†¦show more content†¦Losing all touch with the finer consciousness of the age it would be, not only irresponsible, but anemic† (Foster, 441). In the poem â€Å"Three movements,† the poet observes that â€Å"Shakespearean fish swam the sea, far away from land; / Romantic fish swam in nets coming to the hand; / What are all those fish that lie gasping on the strand?† (Finneran, 240) Yeats is neither detached Shakespearean fish, nor credulous Romantic fish; he is the fish that â€Å"lie gasping on the strand,† and the volume The Winding Stair and Other Poems is his struggle with the crisis of his age, both the age of the poet (nearly 70 at the time) and the age of the world (1930s). We have talked a lot about Yeats’s dialectical effort to transcend mortality and achieve immortality in his poetry. Such effort to transcend mortality presupposes the dichotomy between life and death. Indeed, in previous volumes, may concepts are contingent upon a symmetrically opposing idea: the symbol of the Mask presupposes the dichotomy between self and anti-self, and many of Yeats’s poems feature the dichotomy between female and male. However, in the volume The Winding S tair and Other Poems, Yeats points out a simple yet fundamental fact, that these dichotomies are all human constructs. In the poem â€Å"Vacillation,† the speaker solemnly observes that â€Å"Between extremities / Man runs his course† (Finneran, 250). The most important dichotomy that Yeats inspects in this volume is the one between life and death. The poet pointsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Zadie Smiths Swing Time1292 Words   |  6 Pageswithout much thought. In truth, though, the timeline was thoroughly considered by the author, and every jump or apparent gap in the book’s plot is intentional. While reading Swing Time, I perceived the narrator’s leaps through time as though she were winding a broken clock—the clock hands spun erratically around the clock face, seemingly choosing at random on which time it wished to land. Smith uses this broken clock motif to deliver her message in the best possible way; she wants to illustrate the generalRead Mo reGwendolyn Brooks As A Poet2100 Words   |  9 Pagespoet found comfort in reading and writing, which her parents actively encouraged Brooks’ mother declared to her, that she is going to be a poet. Brooks published her first poem Eventide at age thirteen in American Childhood magazine. At age sixteen, she met Langston Hughes, who gave her words of encouragement after reading her poems at a poetry reading. In 1934, Brooks graduated from an integrated high school with a career at the Chicago Defender. Soon after graduating from Wilson Junior College inRead MoreAnalysis Of Theodore Roethke s The Waking 1335 Words   |  6 Pagesnatural imagery in his writing to express more complex ideas. As one would expect, his poem â€Å"The Waking† is no exception. In this work, Roethke uses the interaction between the speaker and the natural world in order to embody the progression of cognitive awareness throughout the span of a single human life and to depict how one understands such knowledge through the senses, experience, and thought. Roethke opens the poem with the seemingly oxymoronic line â€Å"I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow† (1)Read MoreEavan Boland and Eilean Ni Chuilleanain Poetry Analysis2557 Words   |  10 Pagessexuality. When comparing Boland’s poem Woman in Kitchen, and Ni Chuilleanain’s The Lady’s Tower, we see both poets attempting to redefine femininity. Both of these poems display ways in which the realm of domestic life can be translated into poetic material. In The Lady’s Tower, Ni Chuilleanain figures female sexuality in terms of housekeeping. Even in the title, the conventional phallic image of the tower is being challenged. This continues in the first few lines of the poem when Ni Chuilleanain ascribesRead More Use of Symbols in Yeatss Work, A Vision Essay3300 Words   |  14 Pagesof all powers whether they are used consciously by the masters of magic, or half unconsciously by their successors, the poet, the musician and the artist (p. 28). Late r, in his introduction to A Vision, he explains, I put the Tower and the Winding Stair together into evidence to show that my poetry has gained in self possession and power. I owe this change to an incredible experience (Vision p.8). The experience he goes on to relate is the preliminary stage of the composition of the work itselfRead More Use of Attics in Literature Essay4376 Words   |  18 Pagesas I would: Not psychologically. A house with an attic seems to resonate for us with more meaning and significance than a house without one. Attics make us think of history, interesting artifacts, old toys, books, clothes, linens, jewelry, and other treasures—but, most of all, of deep, dark, and significant family secrets. It was in the attic of the house that I grew up in that, as a snooping teenager, I found the packet of letters from my mother to her first husband. Her FIRST husband. I hadRead MoreAnalysis Of Lewis And The World Of Wonder 2202 Words   |  9 Pageshallways, and dusty attics. Imagine exploring a house like that. Jack also liked exploring books. His mother and father loved to read, and they saved all their books. They filled the New House with books – books in the study, in bedrooms, and on the stair landing, books in the attic piled up to Jack’s shoulders. Oh, the splendid hours he spent reading! On rainy afternoons these books transported him to different times and different worlds. Jack made up his own country called Animal-Land. The animalsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesChristian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United

Texas Government Quiz Answers - 8383 Words

Question 1 10 out of 10 points A belief that government is designed to promote the public good describes the ______ political culture. Selected Answer: b. moralistic Answers: a. provincialisticb. moralistic c. constitutionalisticd. individualistic e. traditionalistic Question 2 10 out of 10 points Traditionalistic political cultures, according to Daniel Elazar, are typically found in the Selected Answer: d. South. Answers: a. Northeast. b. Midwest. c. border states. d. South. e. West. Question 3 10 out of 10 points Political culture is a term used to describe Selected Answer: a. the broadly shared values and beliefs about government. Answers: a. the broadly shared values and beliefs about†¦show more content†¦rights to privacy. b. federal intervention into state responsibilities. c. states’ authority to regulate on behalf of their citizens via â€Å"police powers.† d. Congress’s power to tax the states. e. freedom from unlawful searches. Question 3 10 out of 10 points Dual federalism is also known as Selected Answer: a. layer-cake federalism. Answers: a. layer-cake federalism. b. cooperative federalism. c. New Federalism. d. coercive federalism. e. marble-cake federalism. Question 4 0 out of 10 points The relationship between the states and the federal government changed dramatically soon after Selected Answer: c. the Civil War began. Answers: a. the â€Å"return to normalcy.† b. the annexation of Texas. c. the Civil War began. d. World War I ended. e. the Great Depression began. Question 5 10 out of 10 points Medicaid, a national program providing health care for the poor, was added to the existing Social Security program under Selected Answer: b. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society. Answers: a. Nixon’s New Federalism. b. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society. c. FDR’s New Deal. d. Wilson’s New Freedom programs. e. the â€Å"return to normalcy.† Question 6 10 out of 10 points When the federal government requires a state to meet federal guidelines without offering financial support to pay for these programs, it is known as Selected Answer: d. an unfunded mandate. Answers: a. theShow MoreRelatedSenate Essay727 Words   |  3 Pagesto run for the Senator of Texas State District Senate 16 and help the community to address their problem. I reside in 3802 William Dahaes Drive of Irving City which is District 16 of Senate. 1 The current senator of my district is Don Huffines. The district is gerrymandered. 2 The overall population of my district is 846,307. In my district, most of the population of the district is employed. Many people are involved in private sector while few of them are in government sector. The economy of myRead MoreGeneral Election Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesPascal Bakari Professor Sherry Sharifian TX Government (GOVT 2306-71001) 1st October 2017 Assignment 1: Why not you? 1 Why not now? I currently reside in the senate District-16. 2 My senator is Don Huffines. My Texas State House District Representative is Matt Rinaldi and I am residing in House District 115. 3 The total population of my district is 180,798. My district has a higher population among individuals 18 to 64 years old. This age group makes up 66.4% of the population followed by 5 to 17-yearRead MoreCollege And University Core Curriculum1086 Words   |  5 PagesCollege/University Core Curriculum Bo Williams POSC 218 State and Local Government Submitted to: Dr Colin S. Cavell April 30, 2017 In 1789 the United States Constitution was developed by the founding fathers. This document was developed to give a basis for governing people and providing rules to follow. As the world becomes a so called â€Å"melting pot,† of cultures, religions and influx of immigrants, it is important to have a guideline of how to govern and resolve disputes. BecauseRead MoreHis103 Chap 3,4,5 Essay example935 Words   |  4 PagesHistory 103 – Quiz #2 – Chapter 3, 4, 5 Name _Cara Butler_____________ Date ___9/16/2012__________________ Essay Questions – All answers are worth 10 points. Two or three sentences in proper format should be sufficient. Be sure to answer all parts of the question. 1. Where and why did Spain establish colonies in North America, and how did native peoples resist colonization? Spain established colonies in Central America, the Caribbean islands, and Mexico to increase their wealth andRead MoreThe Notification And Federal Employee Antidiscrimination And Retaliation Act Of 2002 Impact On Walmart Corporation1341 Words   |  6 Pagesthe quality of their work place one of them is The Notification and Federal Employee Antidiscrimination and Retaliation Act of 2002 (NO FEAR Act). The NO FEAR Act is intended to reduce the incidence of workplace discrimination within the federal government by making agencies and departments more accountable. The company that I will be focusing on will be Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation, in which operates a chain of discount department stores as well as warehouse stores. WalmartRead MoreThe Language of the Land: Learn It or Leave Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pages Still, others argue that the government is not doing enough to help immigrants adapt to our language and culture and should take more responsibility in making sure they succeed. In an article in The American Prospect, Janet Murguia, the president of the National Council of La Raza believes that there is very little effort by the United States Government to help immigrants integrate and adapt to American Society. In fact, Murguia believes thatRead MoreSoftware Engineer4708 Words   |  19 Pageshelp their firms navigate the corresponding opportunities and threats that result from competing stakeholder claims on the firm’s resources. In its broadest sense, therefore, the learning objective for this course is to help improve your ability to answer the following two questions: In addition, I hope that this class will help you address these broader related questions: More specifically, this course is intended to introduce you to the business situations faced by generalRead MoreFundamental Financial Accounting Concepts13807 Words   |  56 Pageschapter covering financial statement analysis is available online. Providing coverage in multiple formats allows the instructor to establish the level of emphasis placed on this subject. Is a gross margin percentage of 25% good or bad? Clearly, the answer depends on the type of company under consideration. While most textbooks show students how to calculate financial ratios, this text goes a step beyond by providing real-world industry data that facilitates an understanding of the ratios. 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Rannual = (1 + R1)(1 + R2)(1 + R3)(1 + R4) - 1 | | ------------------------------------------------- Consider the following realized annual returns: Year End | Samp;P 500 Realized Return | IBM Realized Return | 1996 | 23.6% | 46

The Chocolate Affair. By Adam Duran. . Psy 325 Statistics

The Chocolate Affair By: Adam Duran PSY 325 Statistics for the Behavioral Social Sciences Instructor: Jeral Kirwan Introduction The study of human memory stretches back at least 2,000 years to Aristotle’s early attempts to understand memory in his treatise â€Å"On the Soul†. (Masten, 2010) In this, he compared the human mind to a blank slate and theorized that all humans are born free of any knowledge and are merely the sum of their experiences. (Masten, 2010) Unfortunately, as life and our anatomy would have it these experiences tend to fade away as we get older. As these memories are the pillars of life’s lessons learned, feelings of happiness, joy and love it is no doubt that we want to hold on to†¦show more content†¦There will be two groups. Group 1 will consist of 25 males and 25 females. They will be instructed to not eat chocolate before the memory test. Group 2 will consist of the other 25 males and 25 females who will be instructed to eat chocolate two hours before taking the memory test. Every participant will be asked to read a chapter eight of Stati cs for Behavioral and Social Science 2nd edition by David Tanner a two days before to taking the memory test. Data Analysis: In order to analyze the data, the significance level (p-value) was set to .05. This means that there is a 5% chance of finding a difference between the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. Assuming that the null hypothesis is true, a p-value is the probability of the data falling outside of the normal bell curve of the sample data. A p-value less than or equal to the set significance level is considered statistically significant. In addition, to setting the significance level it is important to determine the number of degrees of freedom. This number shows how often the data can be free to vary. To calculate this, add up the number of samples from each group and then subtract two. In this case the degree for freedom is 50+50 - 2 =98 With a set significant level and degrees of freedom, the t-value can then be determined by using the t-table. Results: After the t-test was conducted to compare men and women’s performance on a memory test after eating chocolate, the results

Types and Symptoms Free Essays

Albinism is a genetic anomaly characterized by little or no pigment in their eyes, skin, or hair.   Not specific to race or ethnicity, it can affect African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asians as much as it does whites. More exactly, albinism is an autosomal recessive trait where melanocytes have diminished or restricted ability to produce melanin—the substance responsible for skin, hair and eye color. We will write a custom essay sample on Types and Symptoms or any similar topic only for you Order Now Phenotypically, albinism is relatively rare: one person in 17,000 in the U.S.A. is affected. In fact, most children with albinism are born to parents with normal hair and eye color. In some Scandinavian countries, however, it is difficult to tell if a child has albinism because fair hair and eyes are the norm.   A common myth is that by definition people with albinism have red eyes. In fact there are different types of albinism, and the amount of pigment in the eyes varies. The National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation dispels many myths and legends in popular culture, â€Å"Although some individuals with albinism have reddish or violet eyes, most have blue eyes. Some have hazel or brown eyes. People with albinism always have problems with vision, and many have low vision. Many are â€Å"legally blind,† but most use their vision for reading, and do not use braille. Some have vision good enough to drive a car.   Vision problems in albinism result from abnormal development of the retina and abnormal patterns of nerve connections between the eye and the brain. It is the presence of these eye problems that defines the diagnosis of albinism. Therefore the main test for albinism is simply an eye exam.   While most people with albinism have very light skin and hair, not all do. Oculocutaneous albinism involves the eyes, hair, and skin. Ocular albinism involves primarily the eyes, while skin and hair may appear similar or slightly lighter than that of other family members. Over the years researchers have used various systems for classifying oculocutaneous albinism. In general, these systems contrasted types of albinism having almost no pigmentation with types having slight pigmentation. In less pigmented types of albinism, hair and skin are cream-colored, and vision is often in the range of 20/200. In types with slight pigmentation, hair appears more yellow or red-tinged, and vision often corrects to 20/60. Early descriptions of albinism called these main categories of albinism â€Å"complete† and â€Å"incomplete† albinism. Later researchers used a test that involved plucking a hair root, and seeing if it would make pigment in a test tube. This test separated â€Å"ty-neg† (no pigment) from â€Å"ty-pos† (some pigment). Further research showed that this test was inconsistent, and added little information to the clinical exam.† How to cite Types and Symptoms, Papers